Motorcycle batteries

Road signs in Sweden are regulated in Vägmärkesförordningen, VMF (1978:1001), and are to be placed 2 meters from the road with the base-sign at an altitude of 1.6 meters for motorized roads. Except for road numbers, there are a maximum of three signs on a pole, with the most important sign at the bottom. All signs have a reflective layer added on selective parts of the sign as is custom for European signs, most larger signs also have their own lumnination.

Most signs are based on pictograms, except signs like the prohibiton-sign for stop at told and signal, the sign indicating taxi rink, low speed road and the sign for accident.
If the sign included text, the text is written in Swedish, except the stop sign, which is written in English (”STOP”).

Major differences between Swedish and general European signs

Whereas European signs usually have white background on warning and prohibition signs, the Swedish signs have a yellow/orange color. This is for the purpose of enhancing the visibility of the sign during the winter, as white signs would be hard to see in the snow. Swedish warning and prohibition signs also have a thicker border than their European counterparts.

Warning signs

Warning signs are triangular, but in contrast to those of most other states using triangular warning signs, Swedish signs have yellow backgrounds, rather than white. The signs warning for animals do not render the vehicle, as is usual of other states’ signs, but only render the animal in question (for example the famous elk warning sign).

Private road direction sign

The reason there is a sign indicating private road, is because they are not strictly private. A private road is a road that is not maintained by the state or similar, but by a private person. As is custom in Sweden, if you own a private road or a land, you can prohibit cars (but not people) from using the road. But if there is support from the state for the maintenance, you can’t prohibit cars from it. This is mostly the case if several families live along the road. Then they must form an association for the road. The Swedish word for this kind of road is “enskild”, that can be both translated to “private” and “individual”.

Dangerous bend, bend to right	Dangerous bend, bend to left	Dangerous bends, first bend to right	Dangerous bends, first bend to left
Steep hill downwards	Steep hill upwards	Road narrows on both sides	Road narrows from right side
Road narrows from left side	Opening or swing bridge	Quayside or ferry berth	Uneven road
Road works	Slippery road	Falling rocks from right	Falling rocks from left
Loose chippings	Junction	Roundabout	Junction with a road the users of which must give way, 90° left, 90° right
Junction with a road the users of which must give way, 45° left, 45° right	Junction with a road the users of which must give way, 90° left, 45° right	Junction with a road the users of which must give way, 45° left, 90° right	Junction with a road the users of which must give way, 90° left
Junction with a road the users of which must give way, 45° left	Junction with a road the users of which must give way, 90° right	Junction with a road the users of which must give way, 45° right	Give way
Traffic signals	Level crossing with gates	Level crossing without gates	Distance to level crossing
Intersection with tramway line	Single track level crossing	Multitrack level crossing	Pedestrian crossing
Children	Animals (elk)	Animals (deer etc.)	Animals (cow)
Animals (horse)	Animals (reindeer)	Animals (sheep)	Cyclists and moped riders on carriageway
Skiers crossing	Crossing horses	Low-flying aircraft	Crosswind from right
Crosswind from left	Two-way traffic	Tunnel	Other dangers

Prohibitory signs

Prohibitory signs are round with yellow backgrounds and red borders, except the international standard stop sign that is an octagon with red background and white border and the no parking and no standing signs that have a blue background instead of yellow.

Closed to all vehicles in both directions	No entry	No power-driven vehicles	No power-driven vehicles except motorcycles without side cars
No motorcycles	No power driven vehicles drawing a trailer other than a semitrailer or a single axle trailer	No lorries	No tractors, construction vehicles etc.
No cycles or mopeds	No mopeds	No animal-drawn vehicles	No riding
No pedestrians	No off-road vehicles	No vehicles having an overall width exceeding … meters	No vehicles having an overall height exceeding … meters
No vehicles exceeding … tons laden weight	No vehicles having a weight exceeding … tons on one axel	Minimum distance between power driven vehicles	No vehicles or combination of vehicles exceeding … meters
No vehicles or combination of vehicles exceeding … tons laden weight or bearing capacity class	No vehicles having a weight exceeding … tons on a tandem axel	No parking	No standing or parking
Stop	passing without stopping prohibited at customs	Passing without stopping prohibited due to signal	Priority for oncoming vehicles
No right turn	No left turn	No U-turns	No overtaking
No overtaking by lorries	Maximum speed (30 km/h)	Maximum speed (50 km/h)	Maximum speed (70 km/h)
Maximum speed (90 km/h)	Maximum speed (110 km/h)	No vehicles carrying dangerous goods	End of overtaking restriction
End of overtaking by lorries restriction	No parking zone	End of no parking zone

Mandatory signs

Mandatory signs are always round blue signs with white border.

Direction to be followed. Right only	Direction to be followed. Left only	Direction to be followed. Straight ahead only	Direction to be followed. Turn right
Direction to be followed. Turn left	Direction to be followed. Turn right or continue straight ahead.	Direction to be followed. Turn left or continue straight ahead.	Direction to be followed. Turn left or right.
Pass this side. Right	Pass this side. Left	Pass this side. Either side	Roundabout
Foot path	Track for cycles and mopeds	Compulsory track for pedestrians, cyclists and moped drivers.	Compulsory track for pedestrians, cyclists and moped drivers. Dual track
Compulsory track for pedestrians, cyclists and moped drivers. Dual track	Track for rider on a horseback	Track for off-road vehicles	Beginning of lane reserved for scheduled buses etc.
End lane reserved for scheduled buses etc.

Signs giving information

The only Swedish diamond shaped sign is the sign informing about priority road, which is a road to which intersection roads have to give way.

Motorway	End of motorway	Expressway	End of expressway
Priority road	End of priority road	Low-speed road	End of low-speed road
Residential area	End of residential area	One-way traffic	Pedestrian area
End of pedestrian area	Built-up area	End of built-up area	Maximum recommended speed
End of maximum recommended speed	Toll road	Priority over oncoming vehicles	No through road
Pedestrian crossing	Lay-by or passing place	Parking	Park and ride
Taxi rink	The long turn — mandatory turning manoeuvre for pedal cycles and mopeds.	Advance direction sign, diagrammatic type	Advance direction sign, stack type
Lane preselection sign	Lane merge	Lane ends	Temporary sign, left most lane ends
Temporary sign, Lane merges with oncoming traffic	Temporary sign, oncoming traffic merges with this lane	Advance direction sign diagrammatic indicating prohibition of left turning	Direction sign flag type
Direction to motorway or expressway	Sign to specific district or area	Sign to place reached by a private road	Sign to local amenities
Lane assignment type	Advance direction sign exit ahead from motorway or expressway	Advance direction sign exit ahead from other road than motorway or expressway	Direction sign exit sign
Lorry	Car	Bus	Airfield
Airfield straight ahead	Ferry	Place indication sign	Road number sign European highway
Main highways (other than European highways) numbered 1-499	Road number sign. Direction to a numbered road	Road number sign for traffic diversion	Confirmatory sign
Interchange number	Collection sign	Recommended route for vehicles carrying dangerous goods	Tourist route
Tourist attraction area	Landmark	World heritage site	Sign to temporary event
Recommended route for pedal cycles and mopeds	Recommended route for pedestrians	Disabled persons	Stack type design
Flag type sign	Place indication sign	Confirmatory sign	Cycle track
Post office	Telephone	Radio station for road and traffic information	Information
Workshop	Petrol station	Refreshments	Restaurant
Hotel	Picnic site	Toilet	First aid
Industrial zone	Youth hostel	Holiday chalets	Caravan site
Camping site	Bathing	National heritage	Open-air recreation
Hiking trail	Chair lift	Tow lift	Fishing licences on sale here
Golf course

Other signs

End of road works	Limited access on side marker	Limited access marker	Limited access arrow marker
Marking for sharp bends, bridge parapets, abutment, walls, tunnel mouths etc. Arrow marker	Marking for sharp bends, bridge parapets, abutment, walls, tunnel mouths etc. Side marker	Marking for sharp bends, bridge parapets, abutment, walls, tunnel mouths etc. Arrow marker	Gore area marker
Accident

Additional panels

Parking house	Length of stretch of road beginning at specified distance from sign	Length of stretch of road beginning at sign	Distance to
Stop and give way at specified distance ahead	Lateral clearance	Total weight	Times the restriction applies.
No parking between times indicated	No parking between times indicated (with weekday given)	Prohibition effective in both directions of the sign	Prohibition end at sign
Prohibition effective in the direction of arrow	Parking, effective in both directions of the sign	Parking ends at sign	Parking, effective in direction of arrow
Parking configuration	Parking configuration	Parking configuration	Parking configuration
Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (lorry)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (lorry)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (handicapped)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (car)
Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (car)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (bus)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (bus)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (motorcycle)
Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (bike)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (caravan)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (caravan)	Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (car + caravan)
Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (car + caravan)	Parking permitted for specified period between times shown	Soft shoulder	Forestry vehicle crossing ahead
High tension cable	Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign
Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign
Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign
Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign
Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign	Direction sign
Blind persons crossing or in the vicinity of the road	Deaf persons crossing or in the vicinity of the road	All way stop	Direction of priority road at intersect
Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect
Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect
Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect
Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect	Direction of priority road at intersect	Two-way traffic on cycle and moped tracks

Traffic light signals

Red = stop, red and yellow = the light is turning to green, green = go, yellow = stop	Flashing yellow = proceed with caution	Bicycle and moped lights	Pedestrian only lights
Public transport lights	Lane-control signals	Lights at level crossing	Light signals at opening or swing bridges, ferries, airfields, emergency service stations etc.
Drive with extra caution signal

Road markings

Centre line	No passing line	Warning line	Centre line and no passing line
Centre line and warning line	Warning line and no passing line	Double no passing line	Reversible lane markings (lane that may be used for alternating direction of traffic flow)
Guide line	Reserved lane line	Cycle lane marking	Broken edge line
Continuous edge line	Stop line	Give way line	Pedestrian crossing
Cycle crossing	Lane selection arrows	Deflecting arrow	Obstruction marking
Text conforming bus and taxi lane, text conforming stop line	Parking bay	Standing and parking prohibited	Parking prohibited
Parking prohibited	Cycle and moped route	Advance warning of obligation to give way	Disabled persons

Signals by police officers

13.1.1 Vehicles approaching from in front and behind must stop. Vehicles approaching from the side may continue 13.1.2 Beckoning on a vehicle 13.2.1 Slow down 13.2.2 Stop

13.3.1 Slow down 13.3.2 Follow the police car and pull up behind it when it stops 13.3.3 Slow down 13.3.4 Drive off the road and stop in front of the police car

Control

Advance direction sign control

References

• vv.se

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Russ Kick (born 1969) is editor of the website The Memory Hole which publishes and archives hidden government documents, including scientific studies and reports, civil rights-related reports, intelligence and covert action reports, consumer safety reports, and images including photographs of flag-draped coffins of American military men. He is also editor-at-large for The Disinformation Company, where he has published several books including The Book of Lists and 50 Things You’re Not Supposed to Know.

Books

• Psychotropedia : a guide to publications on the periphery. Critical Vision (pub) 1998. ISBN 1900486032
• Russ Kick, ed. Hot off the Net: Erotica and other sex writings from the Internet. Black Books. 1999. ISBN 189272300X
• You are being lied to : the disinformation guide to media distortion, historical whitewashes and cultural myths. 2001. ISBN 0966410076
• Everything you know is wrong : the Disinformation guide to secrets and lies. The Disinformation Co. 2001. ISBN 0971394202
• Abuse your illusions : the disinformation guide to media mirages and establishment lies. The Disinformation Co. 2003. ISBN 0971394245
• 50 things you’re not supposed to know. The Disinformation Co. 2003. ISBN 0971394288
• Book of lists : subversive facts and hidden information in rapid-fire format. The Disinformation Co. 2004. ISBN 0972952942
• 50 things you’re not supposed to know. Vol. 2. The Disinformation Co. 2004. ISBN 1932857028
• Everything you know about sex is wrong : the disinformation guide to the extremes of human sexuality (and everything in between) The Disinformation Co. 2005. ISBN 1932857176

References

• “50 Things: Reviews & Interviews”, Disinformation, November 25, 2003.
  

External links

• The Memory Hole

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O-Ringen, or Swedish 5-Days, is a multiday orienteering race. It has been held annually since 1965. The first competition included only 156 competitors, but at its peak in 1985, exactly 23,000 competitors took part. O-Ringen for 2006 was held in the Swedish province of Hälsingland during July 15th-21st. 11,500 orienteers from 32 different countries were registered to participate in this year’s competition.

This race attracts significant media coverage in Sweden and winning O-Ringen is often considered second only to the World Championships in prestige.

Competitors are assigned start times for the first four stages of the race, but on the fifth and final stage a “chasing start” is used. In a chasing start the overall leader in each class starts first and the remaining competitors start according to the total time they trail. This means that the first runner over the finish line on the final stage is the winner.

Trivia

• The first ever stage of the Swedish 5-Days was held in Denmark.
• Ulla Lindkvist has the most titles in the women’s class with eight wins.
• Lars Lönnkvist has won the men’s class four times
• In 1982 one stage was held north of the Arctic Circle

See also

• Tiomila
• Jukola relay
• List of sporting events in Sweden

External links

• O-Ringen

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William Bell Wait (1839-1916) was a teacher in the New York Institute for the Education of the Blind who invented New York Point, a system of writing for the blind that enjoyed wide use in the United States before the braille system was universally adopted there. Mr. Wait also applied the New York Point principles to adapt them for use in over 20 languages, created a form of New York Point to notate music, and invented a number of devices to better type and print embossed material for the visually impaired.

See also

• Blindness and education
• Braille
• Braille music
• Perkins Brailler.

External links

• Biographical Sketch of William Bell Wait

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YProductions (YP) is a production company based in Barcelona, Spain. Most of the work done by YP is focused on the creation of knowledge networks and understanding cultural production. They claim to be working actively to understand and fight the precariousness that surrounds cultural production and its producers. Some of the works produced by them could be defined by their approach to corporate activism.

Some of the projects that YProductions have produced in the past are: Producta1 (a three week project constituted by a string of events analysing cultural production), SAFU (Sant Andreu Free University, a self taught institution that reflected on the knowledge produced in cultural communities) and BTCM (a critically engaged sitcom). They are also known to work closely with showman Miquel Noguera.

External link

• YProductions homepage

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Start can refer to multiple topics:

• Takeoff, the phase of flight where an aircraft transitions from moving along the ground to flying through the air
• Start signal, in telecommunications
• Start date, in filmmaking
• Start Button and Start Menu, elements in the Windows GUI
• Start, Louisiana, a town
• I.K. Start, a Norwegian football club from the town of Kristiansand
• Start (newspaper), a daily tabloid published in Serbia
• START I, strategic arms reduction treaty
  • START II
• START-1, a Russian launch vehicle
• Simple triage and rapid treatment
• Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak, a nuclear fusion experiment
• START natural language system, SynTactic Analysis using Reversible Transformations
• Start (cereal), Popular breakfast cereal produced by Kelloggs since 1980s. (UK Mainly)
• START Windows DOS commandline command

In music:

• theSTART, an American punk rock band
• Start (Bada album), a single album by Korean singer Bada
• START (album), an album by Stefanie Sun

See also

• Starting line, disambiguation page
• Start Point, disambiguation page
• Start-up, disambiguation page

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The Yankee motorcycle is a motorcycle which was produced in Schenectady, New York by the Yankee Motor Company. This company was started by John Taylor, a long-time resident of that area.
The motorcycle used an engine that was produced by the OSSA motorcycle firm in Barcelona, Spain. The engine was a unique combination of two OSSA cylinders, that produced a twin-cylinder engine of near 500 cc capacity. The Yankee frame and running gear were produced in the US, and the entire motorcycle was assembled in the Yankee plant in Schenectady.

External links

The history of this motorcycle can be viewed at http://www.yankeetwin.com.

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Word Ladder is a word game invented by Lewis Carroll, the author of books such as Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. It was originally known as a “doublet” or “word-links“.

Rules

The player is given a start word and an end word. In order to win the game, the player must change the start word into the end word progressively, creating an existing word at each step. To do so, the player can do one of the following on each step.

• Add a letter
• Remove a letter
• Change a letter
• Use the same letters in different order (an anagram)

Example

In this example, the player is given the start word peaks and the end word roman.

peaks
speak     (different letter order)
peak      (removed a letter)
peat      (changed a letter)
meat      (changed a letter)
mat       (removed a letter)
man       (changed a letter)
mane      (added a letter)
mine      (changed a letter)
miner     (added a letter)
minor     (changed a letter)
manor     (changed a letter)
roman     (different letter order)

Process

Usually, the best and quickest way to change one word into another is to simplify the start word into a three-letter word (there are many in the English language), change that three-letter word into a word that suits the needs of the player and then build on it until the end word is achieved.

Others

Generally, some scoring system is used to favour few-word transitions over many-word transitions, so a word ladder with fewer words gets more points than one with a lot of them, provided they have the same start and end words.

Some other versions of the games only allow letters to be changed (that is, no adding or removing letters or changing letter order—this version has been called word golf) or demand that the end word has some kind of relationship with the start word (synonymous, antonymous, semantic…). This was also the way the game was originally devised by Lewis Carroll when it first appeared in Vanity Fair. <ref>[1] Gutenberg project article</ref>

Notes

<references/>

External links

• Word Chains - free online version of word ladders
• Free WordLadder Program at http://www.ihsan.biz/word.html#wordladderDesc

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The table from the Tippeligaen 1999 (the highest football league in Norway).

26 games are played with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Number thirteen and fourteen are relegated, number twelve has to play two qualification matches (home and away) against number three in the first division (where number one and two are directly promoted) for the last spot.

Final standings

                      P   W   D   L   F   A   GD   Points
 1 Rosenborg          26  18   2   6  75  33  42    56
 2 Molde              26  16   2   8  49  37  12    50
 3 Brann              26  16   1   9  45  40   5    49
 4 Lillestrøm         26  15   3   8  60  41  19    48
 5 Stabæk             26  14   4   8  58  49   9    46
 6 Tromsø             26  13   5   8  70  46  24    44
 7 Odd Grenland       26  12   3  11  42  48  -6    39
 8 Viking             26  11   3  12  51  48   3    36
 9 Bodø/Glimt         26  10   4  12  52  54  -2    34
10 Moss               26   9   2  15  39  46  -7    29
11 Vålerenga          26   8   4  14  40  53 -13    28
12 Strømsgodset       26   7   3  16  46  68 -22    24    Lost Playoff/Relegated
13 Skeid              26   7   2  17  36  75 -39    23    Relegated
14 Kongsvinger        26   6   2  18  34  59 -25    20    Relegated

 P: Games played, W: Win, D: Draw, L: Lose, F: Goals scored, A: Goals conceded, GD: Goal difference

Relegation/Promotion

• Haugesund, Bryne, and Start promoted.
• Strømsgodset, Skeid, and Kongsvinger relegated.
• Start won play-off against Strømsgodset, 3-2 on aggregate.
  • Match 1: Start 2-2 Strømsgodset
  • Match 2: Strømsgodset 0-1 Start

Top scorers

• Rune Lange, Tromsø, 23
• Andreas Lund, Molde, 21
• Jostein Flo, Strømsgodset, 18
• Rikhardur Dadason, Viking, 17
• Heiðar Helguson, Lillestrøm, 16
• Bengt Sæternes, Bodø/Glimt, 16
• Sigurd Rushfeldt, Rosenborg, 15

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A hard start is a rocketry term referring to an explosion of propellant at ignition.

Rocket fuels, hypergolic or otherwise, must be mixed in the right quantities to have a controlled rate of production of hot gas. A hard start indicates that the quantity of combustible propellant that entered the combustion chamber prior to ignition was too large. The result can be an excessive spike of pressure, possibly leading to structural failure or even an explosion (sometimes facetiously referred to as “spontaneous disassembly”).

Avoiding hard starts involves careful timing of the ignition relative to valve timing or varying the mixture ratio so as to limit the maximum pressure that can occur.

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